# rsync without synching
# use -n
rsync -avn /usbdisk/ /localdisk/

# sync 2 folders
rsync -av /usbdisk/ /localdisk/

# #Lets say we wanted to copy all of the files under our local directory, 
# "/usbdisk/" and place a copy on the machine "somemachine" under the remote directory "/backups/".
# The name of the user on the remote machine is "calomel". 
# Notice we added the "-z" argument so all data will be 
# compressed over the network. We could use the following line:
rsync -avz /usbdisk/ calomel@somemachine:/backups/

# What if you wanted to delete any files on the _remote_ machine 
# that are no longer on the source machine? We can use the same command above 
# and simply add the "--del" argument. This will tell rsync to delete
# any files from "/backups/" that are no longer on the source directory, "/usbdisk/".
rsync -avz --del /usbdisk/ calomel@somemachine:/backups/

# What if you wanted to not just copy all of the files under /usbdisk/, 
# but also the /usbdisk/ directory name. Just leave off the last "/" after the "/usbdisk" directory
# name. This will tell rsync to copy the directory name and all files under that
# directory. On the remote server you will then see the directory structure /backups/usbdisk/.
rsync -avz /usbdisk calomel@somemachine:/backups/

# You can also rsync multiple files or directories using a single rsync line. This is
# useful when coping over the network as you only need to enter your ssh password
# once. Here we will copy the source directories /data1 and /data2 to the remote machine
# "somemachine" in the /backups/ directory.
rsync -avz /data1 /data2 calomel@somemachine:/backups/

# Here we are pulling multiple files from a remote server to our local machine. We
# have to use curly braces to tell rsync we want only the files "file1", "file2"
# and "file3." Using this method you only have to enter your ssh password once to
# collect all the files.
rsync -avz calomel@somemachine:/remote_machine/{file1,file2,file3} /local/disk/

# You can also pull the data from a remote machine to your local box. To
# rsync all of the files from the same "somemachine" to our local box just reverse
# the target and destination of the previous example:
rsync -avz calomel@somemachine:/backups/ /usbdisk/

# RSYNC WHEN REMOTE FILES OR DIRECTORIES CONTAIN SPACES
#-----------------------------------------------------------
# Spaces cause all sorts of problems. To rsync when you have spaces in the files
# and/or directories you need to use a single tick to encompass the entire string
# and then escape the spaces. The following line shows the remote directory name "/I Hate Spaces"
# and the file name "some File.avi", both contain spaces. We will be rsync'ing
# the file to our local directory "/current_dir/".
rsync -av calomel@somemachine:'/I\ Hate\ Spaces/some\ File.avi' /current_dir/

# EXECUTE REMOTE SHELL COMMAND TO RSYNC FILES
# -------------------------------------------------------------
# It is important to note rsync can also execute commands on the remote machine to
# help you generate a list of files copy. The shell command is expanded by your
# remote shell before rsync is called. The following line will run the find command 
# on the remote machine in the video directory and rsync all "avi" files it finds
# to our machine in the /download directory
rsync -avR calomel@somemachine:'`find /data/video -name "*.[avi]"`' /download/

# PULL DATA FROM A REMOTE MACHINE TO LOCAL SERVER USING SSH
# -------------------------------------------------------------
# The following command will pull the data from "remote_machine" in /stuff/data/ and place
# it on the local system in /BACKUP/remote_machine/. The arguments "-avx" will set archive
# mode (-a) equivalent to -rlptgoD, be verbose (-v) and will not cross file system boundaries
# (-x) like NFS or samba. The timeout command makes sure rsync will not hang if
# the remote system is unreachable after 30 seconds. We will be deleting any files on
# the target directory (/BACKUP/remote_machine/) that are _not_ found in the source directory (data/).
# If you do not want to allow rsync to delete any files then take out "--delete-excluded".
#
# The directory structure of the target machine will look like /BACKUP/remote_machine/data/ and
# this is considered a non-relative path option. Notice /stuff/ is not in the path.
rsync -avx --timeout=30 --delete-excluded backupuser@remote_machine:/stuff/data/ /BACKUP/remote_machine/

# If you wanted the target directory structure to be relative you can add the argument
# "-R". The directory structure would then look like /BACKUP/remote_machine/stuff/data/ as the
# sync path name starts / on the source machine. The command with "-R" added looks like:
rsync -Ravx --timeout=30 --delete-excluded backupuser@remote_machine:/stuff/data/ /BACKUP/remote_machine/


# INCREMENTAL BACKUPS USING RSYNC
# -------------------------------------------------------------
# The following example will make an incremental backup of the directory /data/working/ and put
# a copy of any file that changes into a dated directory in /BACKUP/ . This can
# be used to keep a daily backup tree of any changed files and not have
# to overwrite the previous days files. Note that this method does need to copy the
# entire file if it changes as the new files are made in the directory named under current day.
rsync --backup --backup-dir=`date +%Y.%m.%d` -a /data/working/ /BACKUP/

# If you have a file under /BACKUP/ called file1 and that file has changed on
# the source machine in /data/working/ then a new directory will be made. The incremental
# dir would be named `date +%Y.%m.%d` or the numerical values for YEAR.MONTH.DAY 
# and put under /BACKUP/. The changed data "file1" would be put under that directory.